Media Economics Global Marketplace Essay Example

Media Economics Global Marketplace Essay Media Economics amp; Global Marketplace Common structures Monopoly a single firm dominates production and distribution, either nationally or locally. Eg: a city with one newspaper or tv station. More prevalent at the local level. Oligopoly just a few firms dominate the industry. e. g. film industryfilm studios. Limited competition aka monopolistic competition a media market with many producers and sellers but only a few differentiable products within a category. For example, radio stations: there are various independently owned radio channels in India; however, most of these stations feature a limited number of formats, such as latest Bollywood songs, oldies, gags and similar content. Revenue Generation Direct payment media products supported primarily by consumers who pay directly for the product. Consumers communicate their preferences immediately Indirect payment media products supported primarily by advertisers, who pay for the quantity or quality of audience members that a particular medium delivers. The client is the advertiser, not the end user. Media spend in India as a percent of GDP is 0. 41%, which is much lesser than the world’s average of 0. 80%. This indicates the potential for growth in spends as the industry in India matures. The overall Mamp;E industry size grew from Rs 579 billion in 2008 to Rs 587 billion at a rate of 1. 4% percent. The growth rate is expected to increase to 11. 2% in 2010, as the industry witnesses a recovery. TV and Print are the largest sectors of the industry contributing to greater than 70% of the revenues. We will write a custom essay sample on Media Economics Global Marketplace specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Media Economics Global Marketplace specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Media Economics Global Marketplace specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Traditionally, advertising revenues have had a strong hold in the Mamp;E industry, but increasingly, subscription revenues are becoming important with consumers paying for media services. The media business models in India are undergoing a change with audiences becoming more willing to pay for content and value added services. The growth in ticket prices of movies at multiplexes, increasing number of Pay TV subscribers, increasing penetration of DTH with its user-friendly interface and technology, and introduction of Value Added Services (VAS) by media players are some examples of pay markets gaining importance. Print Media The Indian Print Media grew only marginally in 2009 as a decline in advertisement revenues were offset by growth in circulation revenues. The regime of foreign investment in Indian entities publishing newspapers and periodicals is as follows: I. Foreign investment (including FDI) upto 74% in Indian entities publishing scientific/technical and speciality journals, where only Indian editions of foreign journals are being published with no foreign investment being made, the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting will give approvals on a case by case basis subject to prescribed conditions. II. FDI upto 26% in Indian entities publishing newspapers and periodicals dealing in news and current affairs with suitable safeguards like verification of antecedents of foreign investor, keeping editorial and management control in the hands of resident Indians and ensuring against dispersal of Indian equity. Television Sector in India In 2009, television industry stood at $5. 65 billion registering a growth of 6. 8%. The industry is projected to grow at a rate of 15. 5% and reach around $11. 45 billion by 2014. Growth of TV Channels in India: The number of private satellite TV channels grew from 1 TV channel in 2000 to 394 TV channels in 2009. Foreign Broadcasters: A number of foreign broadcasters are down linking their channels into India. A total of 67 TV channels, uplinked from abroad, have been permitted registration to be down linked in India during the years 2006-2009. Eg WB, Discovery, NatGeo etc. DTH Service: DD DIRECT+ is Indias first and only FTA Direct-To-Home (DTH) service being provided by Prasar Bharati (a public service broadcaster). Apart from Prasar Bharati, Dish TV India Ltd. Tata Sky Ltd, and Sun Direct TV Pvt. Ltd. , Reliance Big TV Pvt. Ltd. , Bharti Telemedia Ltd and Bharat Business Channel Ltd have also been granted license for operating DTH services. Eligibility Conditions: Total foreign equity holding, including FDI/ NRI/ OCB/ FII, in the applicant company not to exceed 49%, and within the foreign equity, the FDI component not to exceed 20%. It also provides that th e applicant company must have Indian management control with the majority representatives on the board as well as the chief executive of the company being a resident Indian. Radio Sector In 2009, Indian radio industry stood at $171. 38 million and is expected to grow at a rate of 16% over 2010-14 and reach a size of $360. 32 million by 2014. FM Radio: In 2009, total 248 Channels are operational. Foreign investment is permitted up to 20% equity for FM Radios Broadcasting Services with prior approval of the Government. Satellite Radio: At present Worldspace India Private Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of Worldspace Asia Pvt. Ltd. Singapore is providing services under Foreign Investment Promotion Board (FIPB) approval. Community Radio: The policy on community radio was liberalized during the year 2008 to bring in the civil society and voluntary organizations working on not -for-profit basis under its ambit. Earlier only educational institutions were permitted to set up a community radio. Presently, 29 community radio stations are operational. Advertising and Films 100% FDI under the automatic route is allowed in Advertising sector. 00% FDI under the automatic route is allowed in Film Industry including film financing, production, distribution, exhibition, marketing, and associated activities related to film industry. Global Marketplace Global investments by Indian players in 2009 †¢ Reliance Big Pictures’ forayed into Hollywood through a joint venture with director Steven Spielberg with an initial funding of USD 825 million. †¢ Broadcasters in India like Zee, Sony, etc. have displayed global a mbitions. Colors was recently launched in the US and UK as Aapka Colors, and is planning to expand to Europe, South Africa and Canada in the coming months. There is interest in Indian content internationally, which goes beyond the Indian diaspora. E. g. Vir Sanghvis Asian Diary was one of the leading programmes in Asia† †¢ Network18 Group entering into a joint venture with Forbes, a leading US based publishing and media company, to launch business magazines in India. †¢ Slumdog Millionnaire: Combination of Bollywood and Hollywood Indicative investments in India by global film studios in 2009 †¢ Fox Star Studios produced the experimental ‘Quick Gun Murugan’. Karan Johars Dharma Productions and Shah Rukh Khans Red Chillies Entertainment also finalised an arrangement with the Murdoch-owned Fox studios mid last year for ‘My Name Is Khan’ †¢ Warner Brothers continued its tryst with Bollywood by producing the Akshay Kumar starrer ‘Chandni Chowk to China’. †¢ Carey Fitzgeralds High Point Media Group is collaborating with Pritish Nandy Communications for the latters first horror film ‘The Accident’. †¢ Channels like Star World Times Group Case Study The Times Group is the largest media conglomerate in India. It is headed by brothers Samir and Vineet Jain. The company has 11 publishing centers, 15 printing centers, 55 sales offices, Over 7000 employees, 5 dailies, 2 lead magazines, 29 niche magazines, 32 Radio Stations, 2 Television News Channels, 1 Television Life Style Channel and turnover in excess of USD 700 million. Print includes The Times of India, The Economic Times, Maharashtra Times, Navbharat Times, All Mirrors Times Infotainment Media Limited amp; Entertainment Network India Limited includes Radio Mirchi, 360 Degrees Events, Times Outdoors, Mirchi Movies Limited Filmed Entertainment. Producers of BEING CYRUS, VELLITHERAI TIL (Times Internet Limited) includes Indiatimes portal and Times of Money TV Channels include Times Now, ET Now, Zoom, Movies Now Times Business Solutions include TimesJobs, SimplyMarry, Magic Bricks, Yolist, Ads2Book, PeerPower World Wide Media (A magazine joint venture between BCCL and BBC magazines) include Filmfare, Filmfare Awards, Femina, Femina Miss India, Top Gear Magazine, Hello, BBC Good Homes, Femina Hindi, Grazia, What to Wear

The Chemistry of Chemical Hair Removal

The Chemistry of Chemical Hair Removal Have you ever wondered how chemical hair removal (a chemical depilatory) works? Examples of common brands include Nair, Veet and Magic Shave. Chemical hair removal products are available as creams, gels, powders, aerosol and roll-ons, yet all of these forms work the same way. They essentially dissolve the hair faster than they dissolve the skin, causing the hair to fall away. The characteristic unpleasant odor associated with chemical depilatories is the smell from breaking chemical bonds between sulfur atoms in the protein. The Chemistry of Chemical Hair Removal The most common active ingredient in chemical depilatories is calcium thioglycolate, which weakens the hair by breaking the disulfide bonds in the keratin of hair. When enough chemical bonds are broken, the hair can be rubbed or scraped off where it emerges from its follicle. The calcium thioglycolate is formed by reacting calcium hydroxide with thioglycolic acid. An excess of calcium hydroxide allows the thioglycolic acid to react with the cysteine in keratin. The chemical reaction is: 2SH-CH2-COOH (thioglycolic acid) R-S-S-R (cysteine) → 2R-SH COOH-CH2-SS-CH2-COOH (dithiodiglycolic acid). Keratin is found in skin as well as hair, so leaving hair removal products on the skin for an extended length of time will result in skin sensitivity and irritation. Because the chemicals only weaken the hair so that it can be scraped away from the skin, hair is only removed at the surface level. A visible shadow of subsurface hair may be seen after use and you can expect to see regrowth in 2-5 days.

The role of the human resources Director in a multi-national company Essay

The role of the human resources Director in a multi-national company - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that organizations worldwide often strive for high performance through well-laid strategies. However, it is technology and wise decisions that often influence several factors which are essential in managing global virtual teams. Global virtual teams often operate through enhanced communication and enhanced technology. Team participation and conflict management equally form part of improving leadership in areas such as Asia and Europe. Demonstrating effective leadership as a Human Resources Director (HRD) when working for a multi-national company requires skill and competence in order to attain maximum success. It begins with a display of leadership steps that are suited for a corporate culture especially when operating in offices based Asia and Europe. Therefore, it is vital to understand the operation of global virtual teams in relation to the existing culture and different time zones in such markets. Second, mapping out ways of gaining a strategic advantage is critical because it enables the organization to use a combination of other factors that include the application of theories and principles of teamwork. Additionally, leveraging on international presence is essential because it increases the chances of attracting more customers. In other words, there is an increase of responsiveness toward transforming hyper-competitive markets that define the overall success.

Obligation in Law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Obligation in Law - Case Study Example Jack - he was watching the news at home when a live feed of the accident came on TV and realised that his wife and daughter were among the spectators. He was a nervous wreck for several weeks although he had learned earlier that his wife and daughter left the airfield 30 minutes before the accident. The claims by the five individuals when consolidated into one imposes on the plane manufacturer an obligation in law arising ex delicto, or from the tortuous acts of negligence and recklessness (Classic Encyclopaedia, online; 'Lectric Law Library, 2001). Negligence is in fact one of the five major offenses punishable under the tort law, the other four being trespass on land, trespass against goods, trespass against person, and defamation (Street, 1999). This suggests that the plane manufacturer as respondent or defendant in the five tort cases has civil liability to compensate the claimants for the alleged damages they sustained from the crash in the form of "nervous shock." However, a careful reading of the law, specifically the assigning of civil liability and the circumstances that warrant the awarding of damages thereto, makes that proposition doubtful. Obligation is defined as an act or course of... Negligence is in fact one of the five major offenses punishable under the tort law, the other four being trespass on land, trespass against goods, trespass against person, and defamation (Street, 1999). This suggests that the plane manufacturer as respondent or defendant in the five tort cases has civil liability to compensate the claimants for the alleged damages they sustained from the crash in the form of "nervous shock." However, a careful reading of the law, specifically the assigning of civil liability and the circumstances that warrant the awarding of damages thereto, makes that proposition doubtful. Obligation Obligation is defined as an act or course of action required of a person by law or by virtue of his position, religion or the prevailing custom (Currie & Cameron, 2000). In this case, it is the law that supposedly obliges the plane manufacturer to compensate the five claimants for nervous shock, which amounts to damages difficult to quantify. The inherent difficulty of quantifying nervous shock is the first hurdle that the claimants need to overcome to prove their case against the respondent. As noted by Cabresi & Hirschoff (1972), such emotional pain and suffering, which leads to loss of enjoyment of life, is not easily quantifiable and depends on the individual circumstances of the claimants. Looking into these individual circumstances, it seems hard to believe that Jack was in shock for a prolonged period since he was not on the scene at all and he immediately learned that the family members he was worried about left the air show 30 minutes before the accident. The same question c an be asked of John who lives quite a distance from the airfield, of

Final paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Final paper - Essay Example Yoo shrewdly narrows this necessity to apply to enemy combatants abroad, but the implications for the freedom and continuity of the American Republic are most disheartening. We must then analyze some of the ways in which Yoo’s claims and beliefs are reminiscent of Schmitt’s and the ways in which Schmitt’s contempt for liberal government and society resonate with those of Yoo. In his essay â€Å"The Concept of the Political,† Carl Schmitt forwards a decidedly simplistic and binary method for understanding the nature of politics and the role of the state. For Schmitt, everything which makes up society (i.e. culture, art, government, popular movements and beliefs, and customs) necessarily has a political distinction, meaning and value. Everything is political. The state, being the embodiment of the political, may potentially concern itself with anything. But more important for Yoo is that Schmitt reduces the whole of human existence and conflict to a matter of discerning the Hegelian â€Å"other.† Thus Schmitt claims that the basis of all political matters is a choice and distinction between friend and enemy. As well for Schmitt, â€Å"all political concepts, images, and terms have a polemical meaning†. The point to be made then is that Schmitt believes that everything that is political in a society concerns itself with the designation of an enemy. All debates about rights, values, social justice, and the rest are but an act of choosing an enemy. Schmitt goes so far in this line of thought as to claim that the utopian idea of a world without war, where peace is the state of affairs, would simply be a world with no friends or enemies, and also no politics. For Schmitt then, man’s natural state in society is to have an enemy, to have a state which protects him from that enemy, and to reduce all other aspects of society to this very basic concept of the political. More troubling is that Schmitt

The Four Determinants Of Health Health And Social Care Essay

The Four Determinants Of Health Health And Social Care Essay The environment of society is linked to peoples health over wide fields. Among many factors on health, socio-economic factors are a measurable and significant factor such as employment, education, income and housing. As a future health professional, it is necessary to understand the society and these sociological impacts on health in more multifaceted ways. Hence, this essay will define and discuss the four of socio-economical determinants of health and the relationships between them. Furthermore, it will explain how two determinants affect New Zealand society. Lastly, it will reflect how this study will affect the future nursing care that I will accomplish. The good health and wellbeing of the population is largely a product of the settings in which people live, work and play (Public Health Advisory Committee [PHAC], 2007, p.3). In other word, these social circumstances on health surrounding people might be the socioeconomic determinants. The four determinants of health First of all, this essay will scrutinize the four of socioeconomic determinants and their correlation. Firstly, PHAC (2004) reported that through employment people are able to maintain their life to be stable mentally and physically (p.25). Being employed is the social involvement which produces self esteem and prevents confinement from society. And it is a way of creating income. Reversely, unemployment may be associated with detrimental impacts on mental health such as increasing the rate of suicide (p.26) and decreasing income. Secondly, this report also pointed out that education level is related to health status. People who educated in high are healthier than in low (p.30). Above all, educating children is the most effective way of changing overall health status in society. The reason why is that education enables children to acquire useful health information which affects their future lifestyle such as smoking, food and alcohol in a beneficial way (Wadsworth, 1997, as cited in National Health Committee [NHC], 1998, p.28). Income is far-reaching, which is related to humans basic necessities such as food and shelter. PHAC (2004) highlighted that insufficient income hinders a healthy life. Lower income family is not capable of affording good housing, nutrient food and education. Particularly, Maori and Pacific families are more likely to affect by low income due to the high proportion of young generation (p.21). Besides, children are vulnerable under low income circumstance (p.24). Finally, housing is one of the essential constitutes of human life: food, clothes and shelter. As the cost of house is increasing, capability for other needs is decreasing (p. 31). Besides, internal environment of the house like overcrowding and high humidity influences on health directly (p.32). This affects low income families and the unemployed more hardly (p.33). All in all, In the case of low socioeconomic groups, it is more detrimental than high (PHAC, 2004). The four determinants are inextricably interwoven while having the possibility to enhance by society (p.6). Education and Maori Despite the fact that New Zealand is an egalitarian society and a developed welfare country, there is health problems needed to be improved. First concern is indigenous peoples health regarding lower level of education. Specifically, it is about the correlation between health literacy skill and education. Lower level of education may lead to poor health literacy skill. According to Ministry of Health (MOH, 2010a), 80 per cent of Maori men and 75 per cent of Maori women are very low level in health literacy skill. Moreover, lowest groups were 50-65, 16-18 and 19-24 year groups of Maori (p.iii). A reason why education is important to enhance Maori health is that 53 per cent of Maori population is under 25 years old in 2006. Nonetheless, the percentage of Maori students who are finished at secondary school with qualification is 43.4 per cent. However, in the case of non- Maori, it is 63.7 per cent (MOH, 2010b, p.17). What is surprising is that young Maori population is linked to both a poorest health literacy group and low secondary education. A positive correlation was found between health literacy skill and education is that people who are educated in tertiary level showed enhanced health literacy skill than others have not (MOH, 2010a). Education is a strong health determinant because it widens health information and improves self caring capability autonomously by individuals. That can be a strong prevention from disease to the future generation. Housing and Maori Another concern of indigenous people is poor housing condition. If a house is in high humid, chill and overcrowded, it is detrimental. Firstly, high humidity and cold temperature are causing respiratory disease (World Health Organisation, as cited in Asthma Foundation, n.d.). According to Heeringa (2011), One in six adults and one in four children suffer from asthma in New Zealandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Air that is cold, or polluted with dust mites, moulds or fumes trigger asthmaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the second highest in the world just behind the UK (para.24). Among many asthma suffering people aged 5 to 34, hospitalized Maori between 2006 and 2008 were as double as non-Maori (MOH, as cited in Maori health, 2010). Secondly, overcrowding is a problematic factor in New Zealand. PHAC (2004) highlighted that living in an overcrowding house increased the rate of childrens death due to the contagion of fatal disease (p.32). Particularly, according to MOH (2010b), overcrowding rate of Maori family in 200 6 were three times higher than non-Maori. Meningococcal disease rate of 0 to 4 aged Maori groups were also as high as the rate of overcrowding (Environmental Science and Research, n.d., as cited in Maori health, 2010). Most of all, these statistics represent that Maori is the greater part of lowest socio-economic status in New Zealand, who cannot afford to comfortable houses(NHC,1998). All in all, while Maori population grows fast (MOH, 2010b), Maori is one of the groups that is influenced severely by poor housing environment. What I have learnt A study about strong correlation between society and health will assist my future nursing practice in terms of nurses perception. When I was realizing many factors, they seemed to be general sociological phenomenon. However, they influenced peoples health, even causing illness. Nurses knowledge should be wider than I thought before. From caring for patients physical wound to concerning the socioeconomic environment of the patients might be the nurses understanding. Levien (2008) stated that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦a nurse to be a resource to communities and individuals affected by this disease and enable a greater level of awareness and understanding of the risk factors and how to reduce them (para. 17). This is my understanding. For example, I will communicate with a patient in easy words depending on his/her education level, instead of medical terminology. Whats more, I can give patients some information about preventing communicable disease from babies and children at home and immunization . Therefore, I will contemplate circumstances surrounding patients as a nurse in the future. In conclusion, health determinants are significant factors within the health system as well as the whole society. Unemployment, low level of education, insufficient income and poor housing are related to poor health condition in New Zealand. These determinants are more likely to affect some group like Maori. Maori health is likely to be affected by low education level and poor housing detrimentally. Therefore, all individuals health is a complex byproduct of society. If every individual is healthy, their society can be healthy and prosperous.

Pandora :: essays research papers

In Greek mythology Pandora was the first woman, bestowed upon humankind by Zeus as a punishment for Prometheus' theft of fire. Entrusted with a box containing all the ills that could plague people, she opened it out of curiosity and thereby released all the evils of human life; wife of Epimetheus. Zeus ordered Hephaestus to make a mixture of earth and water and from it to create a woman as beautiful as a goddess. When she was ready, Athena adorned her and taught her how to weave, while Aphrodite endowed her with grace and passion, the Graces and Peitho garlanded her with gold ribbons and the Hours decorated her with spring flowers. Hermes, on the other hand, put malicious and lying words into her heart. Zeus called her Pandora, because she had received gifts (dora) from all the gods, and sent her off to Epimetheus. Bewitched by her beauty, he fell in love with her and took her out for mankind to see. Pandora's fate was to be the cause of all human misfortune, because she opened the lid of a jar from which evils of all kinds immediately spilled out to fill the world. Only hope was left in the jar, because Pandora closed the lid again at the last moment. As a result, mankind - who until that time had known no pain, sickness or death - was doomed to everlasting unhappiness.Pandora (mythological figure), in Greek mythology, first woman on earth, created by the god Hephaestus at the request of the god Zeus. Zeus wished to counteract the blessing of fire, which had been stolen from the gods by the Titan Prometheus and given to human beings. Endowed by the gods with every attribute of beauty and goodness, Pandora was sent to Epimetheus, who was happy to have her for his wife, although he had been warned by his brother Prometheus never to accept anything fr om Zeus. In bestowing their gifts on Pandora, the gods had given her a box, warning her never to open it.